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   USS Cinchona (AN-12)

   USS Cinchona (AN-12/YN-7) was an Aloe-class net laying ship which was assigned to serve the U.S. Navy during World War II with her protective anti-submarine nets. ... During the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor, 7 December 1941, Cinchona manned both her machine guns and her 3" gun, and, as the enemy repeatedly strafed her deck, she closed the gaps in the net defenses protecting the dry-docks.
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   African military systems (1800–1900)

   As the decades rolled on however, improvements to firearms, and other technology such as disease control (the cinchona bark to suppress malaria for example), and steamships were to give Europeans a decisive military edge on the continent. ... The Ethiopans also deployed a number of machine guns, and were the only Africans to employ artillery to any extent during the colonial wars.
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   Timeline of Amazon history

   1849-1864 – Spruce, of cinchona fame, in the Amazon. ... In 1987 striking gold miners would be machine-gunned when they seize the railroad bridge at Marabá.
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   Jamaica

   Jamaica (pronounced /dʒəˈmeɪkə/) is an island nation of the Greater Antilles, 234 kilometres (145 mi) in length and as much as 80 kilometres (50 mi) in width, amounting to 11,100 km2. ... Other gardens were the Cinchona Plantation founded in 1868 and the Hope Garden founded in 1874.
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   Clements Markham

   Cinchona plant (photographed in 2002 at a Hawaiian plantation) ... On the orders of General Napier, Magdala was burnt to the ground and its guns destroyed.
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   Herbalism

   Herbalism is a traditional medicinal or folk medicine practice based on the use of plants and plant extracts. ... Some examples are inulin from the roots of dahlias, quinine from the cinchona, morphine and codeine from the poppy, and digoxin from the foxglove.
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   Plant defense against herbivory

   Plant defense against herbivory or host-plant resistance (HPR) describes a range of adaptations evolved by plants which improve their survival and reproduction by reducing the impact of herbivores. ... For example, to combat herbivory by the larvae of some Lepidoptera species, Cinchona trees produce a variety of alkaloids, the most familiar of which is quinine.
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   Homeopathy

   Homeopathy (also spelled homoeopathy or homœopathy) is a form of alternative medicine, first proposed by German physician Samuel Hahnemann in 1796, that attempts to treat patients with heavily diluted preparations which are claimed to cause effects similar to the symptoms presented. ... Hahnemann observed from his experiments with cinchona bark, used as a treatment for malaria, that the effects he experienced from ingesting the bark were similar to the symptoms of malaria.
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   Labuan

   Six guns and 50 native police made up the Labuan army in 1881. ... During his years in Malaya, Low maintained a keen interest in economic horticulture, conducting experiments with coffee, cinchona, pepper, tea, sugar, rice and rubber.
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    Edward Stone (discoverer of the active ingredient of Aspirin)

    Reverend Edward Stone (1702–1768) was a Church of England Rector who discovered the active ingredient of Aspirin. ... Knowing that the bark of the Peruvian cinchona tree - from which quinine (used in the treatment of malarial fevers) is derived - has a similarly bitter taste, he surmised that the willow might also have therapeutic properties.

Explore the following pages on Powerset:

• USS Cinchona (AN-12),
• African military systems (1800–1900),
• Timeline of Amazon history,
• Jamaica,
• Clements Markham,
• Herbalism,
• Plant defense against herbivory,
• Homeopathy,
• Labuan,
• Edward Stone (discoverer of the active ingredient of Aspirin)

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