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   Biodiesel production

   Biodiesel production is the act of producing the biofuel, biodiesel, through either transesterification or alcoholysis. ... Water is removed because its presence causes the triglycerides to hydrolyze, giving salts of the fatty acids (soaps) instead of undergoing transesterification to give biodiesel.
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   Triglyceride

   Triglyceride (help·info) (more properly known as triacylglycerol (help·info), TAG or triacylglyceride) is a glyceride in which the glycerol is esterified with three fatty acids. ... Triglycerides are also split into their components via transesterification during the manufacture of biodiesel.
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   Sodium methoxide

   Sodium methoxide is a chemical compound, with formula CH3ONa. ... Biodiesel is prepared from vegetable oils and animal fats, that is, fatty acid triglycerides, by transesterification with methanol to give fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs).
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   Methanol

   Methanol, also known as methyl alcohol, wood alcohol, wood naphtha or wood spirits, is a chemical with formula CH3OH (often abbreviated MeOH). ... In addition to direct use as a fuel, methanol (or less commonly, ethanol) is used as a component in the transesterification of triglycerides to yield a form of biodiesel.
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   Internal combustion engine

   The internal combustion engine is an engine in which the combustion of a fuel (generally, fossil fuel) occurs with an oxidizer (usually air) in a combustion chamber. ... Liquid and gaseous biofuels, such as ethanol and biodiesel (a form of diesel fuel that is produced from crops that yield triglycerides such as soybean oil), can also be used.
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   Sodium hydroxide

   Biodiesel For the manufacture of biodiesel, sodium hydroxide is used as a catalyst for the transesterification of methanol and triglycerides.
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   Methoxide

   Both sodium methoxide and its counterpart prepared with potassium are frequently used as catalysts for large-scale production of biodiesel. In this process, vegetable oils or animal fats, which chemically are fatty acid triglycerides, are transesterified with methanol to give fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs).
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   Natural oil polyols

   Triglycerides of unsaturated (containing carbon-carbon double bonds) fatty acids or methyl esters of these acids, can be treated with carbon monoxide and hydrogen in the presence of a metal catalyst to add a -CHO (formyl) groups to the chain (hydroformylation reaction) followed by hydrogenation to give the needed hydroxyl groups. In this case R1 can be the rest of the triglyceride, or a smaller group such as methyl (in which case the substrate would be similar to biodiesel).
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   Acid value

   Acid number (mg KOH/g oil) for biodiesel should to be lower than 0.50 mgKOH/g in both EN 14214 and ASTM D6751 standard fuels. ... As oil-fats rancidify, triglycerides are converted into fatty acids and glycerol, causing an increase in acid number.
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    Vegetable fats and oils

    Vegetable oils are also used to make biodiesel, which can be used like conventional diesel. ... Saponification turns triglycerides into soap.

Explore the following pages on Powerset:

• Biodiesel production,
• Triglyceride,
• Sodium methoxide,
• Methanol,
• Internal combustion engine,
• Sodium hydroxide,
• Methoxide,
• Natural oil polyols,
• Acid value,
• Vegetable fats and oils

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